Air temperatures
Air temperatures have increased over the past century, driven mainly by changes in nighttime temperatures.
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Acidification of coastal waters
As atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide increase, so do levels in the ocean, part of a process known as “ocean acidification.” Carbon dioxide measurements off Point Conception (Central California) began in the late 2000s. Levels similar to those from long-term monitoring off Hawaii, where increases in seawater carbon dioxide levels have been accompanied by declining pH (a measure of acidity).