Notice of Proposed Rulemaking Title 27, California Code of Regulations Maximum Allowable Dose Level for Bisphenol A (Dermal Exposure from Solid Materials)

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) proposes to establish a Proposition 65¹ Maximum Allowable Dose Level (MADL) for bisphenol A (BPA) (dermal exposure from solid materials) of 3 micrograms per day by amending Section 25805(b) of Title 27 of the California Code of Regulations².

PUBLIC PROCEEDINGS

Any written comments concerning this proposed action, regardless of the form or method of transmission, must be received by OEHHA by 5:00 p.m. on May 16, 2016, the designated close of the written comment period.  All comments received will be posted on the OEHHA website at the close of the public comment period.

The public is encouraged to submit written information via e-mail, rather than in paper form.  Send e-mail comments to P65Public.Comments@oehha.ca.gov.  Please include “BPA DERMAL MADL” in the subject line.  Hard-copy comments may be mailed, faxed, or delivered in person to the appropriate address below.

Mailing Address:  Ms. Monet Vela
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
P.O. Box 4010, MS-23B
Sacramento, California 95812-4010
Fax: (916) 323-2517
Street Address:  1001 I Street
Sacramento, California 95814

Please be aware that OEHHA is subject to the California Public Records Act and other laws that require the release of certain information upon request. Comments on all regulatory and other actions are routinely posted on our website. By sending us your comments you are waiving any right to privacy you may have in the information you provide.  Individual commenters should advise OEHHA when submitting documents to request redaction of home address or personal telephone numbers.  Names of commenters will not be redacted.

A public hearing on this proposed regulatory amendment will be scheduled on request. To request a hearing send an e-mail to Monet Vela at monet.vela@oehha.ca.gov or to the address listed above by no later than April 29, 2016, which is 15 days before the close of the comment period.  OEHHA will mail a notice of the hearing to the requester and interested parties on the Proposition 65 mailing list for regulatory public hearings.  The notice will also be posted on the OEHHA web site at least ten days before the public hearing date.  The notice will provide the date, time, and location of the hearing. 

If a hearing is scheduled and you have special accommodation or language needs, please contact Monet Vela at (916) 323-2517 or monet.vela@oehha.ca.gov at least one week in advance of the hearing.  TTY/TDD/Speech-to-Speech users may dial 7-1-1 for the California Relay Service. 

CONTACT

Please direct inquiries concerning the proposed regulatory action described in this notice to Monet Vela, in writing at the address given above, via e-mail to monet.vela@oehha.ca.gov or (916) 323-2517. 

AUTHORITY

Health and Safety Code Section 25249.12.

REFERENCE

Health and Safety Code Sections 25249.5, 25249.6, 25249.9, 25249.10 and 25249.11.

INFORMATIVE DIGEST/POLICY STATEMENT OVERVIEW

Proposition 65 prohibits a person in the course of doing business from knowingly and intentionally exposing any individual to a chemical that has been listed as known to the State to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity, without first giving clear and reasonable warning to such individual³.  The Act also prohibits a business from knowingly discharging a listed chemical into water or onto or into land where such chemical passes or probably will pass into any source of drinking water⁴.  Warnings are not required and the discharge prohibition does not apply when exposures are insignificant⁵.  The MADL safe harbors provide guidance for determining when this is the case.⁶

Details on the basis for the proposed MADL for exposure to BPA (dermal exposure from solid materials) are provided in the Initial Statement of Reasons for this regulatory amendment, which is available on request from Monet Vela and is posted on the OEHHA web site at www.oehha.ca.gov.

This proposed regulation sets forth a MADL for adoption into Section 25805 that was derived using scientific methods outlined in Section 25803. 

The proposed regulation would adopt the following MADL for dermal exposure from solid materials to BPA, by amending Section 25805 as follows (addition in underline): 

(b) Chemical Name	Level (Micrograms/day)
Bisphenol A (BPA)	3 (dermal exposure from solid materials)

OEHHA reviewed the transcript of the May 7, 2015 meeting of the DARTIC⁷ and the hazard identification materials reviewed by the DARTIC at that meeting⁸.  These hazard identification materials included numerous studies of the effects of BPA on the female reproductive system, including in vivo studies in experimental animals and in vitro studies that provide additional evidence of female reproductive toxicity.  OEHHA relied on the study by Veiga-Lopez et al. (2014)⁹  that provides a subcutaneous LOEL of 0.05 milligrams BPA per kilogram body weight per day (mg/kg-day), for female reproductive toxicity. Additional relevant studies were identified and reviewed by OEHHA.  This is discussed in more detail in the initial statement of reasons for this proposed regulatory amendment.

Anticipated Benefits of the Proposed Regulation:  Some businesses may not be able to afford the expenses of establishing a MADL and therefore may face litigation for a failure to warn or for a prohibited discharge of the listed chemical.  Adopting this regulation will save these businesses those expenses and may reduce litigation costs.  In addition, by providing a MADL, this regulatory proposal may encourage businesses to lower the amount of the listed chemical in their products to a level that does not require a warning. This in turn may reduce exposures to BPA and reduce resident, worker and environmental exposures to chemicals that cause reproductive toxicity.  

No Inconsistency or Incompatibility with Existing Regulations

OEHHA has conducted an evaluation for whether there are any other regulations on this matter and has found that these are the only regulations dealing with BPA for exposures via the dermal route, for purposes of compliance with Proposition 65.  Therefore, OEHHA has determined that the proposed regulation is neither inconsistent nor incompatible with existing state regulations because it provides compliance assistance to businesses subject to the Act, but does not impose any mandatory requirements on those businesses, state or local agencies and does not address compliance with any other law or regulation. 

PEER REVIEW

This notice and the Initial Statement of Reasons will be provided to the Developmental and Reproductive Toxicant Identification Committee for scientific peer review and comment. 

IMPACT ON LOCAL AGENCIES OR SCHOOL DISTRICTS

Because Proposition 65 expressly¹⁰ does not apply to local agencies or school districts, OEHHA has determined the proposed regulatory action would not impose a mandate on local agencies or school districts nor does it require reimbursement by the State pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of the Government Code.  OEHHA has also determined that no nondiscretionary costs or savings to local agencies or school districts will result from the proposed regulatory action. 

COSTS OR SAVINGS TO STATE AGENCIES

Because Proposition 65 expressly¹¹ does not apply to any State agency, OEHHA has determined that no savings or increased costs to any State agency will result from the proposed regulatory action. 

EFFECT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO THE STATE

Because Proposition 65 expressly¹² does not apply to any federal agency, OEHHA has determined that no costs or savings in federal funding to the State will result from the proposed regulatory action. 

EFFECT ON HOUSING COSTS

OEHHA has determined that the proposed regulatory action will have no effect on housing costs because it provides compliance assistance to businesses subject to the Act, but does not impose any mandatory requirements on those businesses. 

SIGNIFICANT STATEWIDE ADVERSE ECONOMIC IMPACT DIRECTLY AFFECTING BUSINESS, INCLUDING ABILITY TO COMPETE

Because the proposed regulatory level provides compliance assistance to businesses subject to the Act, but does not impose any mandatory requirements on those businesses, OEHHA has made an initial determination that the adoption of the regulation will not have a significant statewide adverse economic impact directly affecting businesses, including the ability of California businesses to compete with businesses in other states. 

RESULTS OF ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS (Gov. Code section 11346.3(b))

Impact on the Creation, Elimination, or Expansion of Jobs/Businesses in California

This regulatory proposal will not affect the creation or elimination of jobs within the State of California.  Proposition 65 requires businesses with ten or more employees to provide warnings when they expose people to chemicals that are known to cause cancer or reproductive harm.  The law also prohibits the discharge of listed chemicals into sources of drinking water.   

Because the proposed MADL provides compliance assistance to businesses subject to the Act, but does not impose any mandatory requirements on those businesses, OEHHA has determined that the proposed regulatory action will not have any impact on the creation or elimination of jobs, the creation of new businesses or the elimination of existing businesses, or the expansion of businesses currently doing business within the State of California. 

Benefits of this regulation include sparing businesses the expense of calculating their own MADL and possibly enable them to reduce or avoid litigation costs.  By providing a MADL, it may encourage businesses to lower the amount of the listed chemical in their product to a level that does not cause a significant exposure, thereby providing a public health benefit to Californians.  This in turn may reduce exposure to BPA and reduce resident, worker and environmental exposures to chemicals that cause reproductive harm.

COST IMPACTS ON REPRESENTATIVE PRIVATE PERSONS OR BUSINESSES

The proposed MADL was developed to provide compliance assistance for these businesses in determining whether a warning is required or a discharge is prohibited.  The MADL provides a level of exposure at or below which a warning is not required and a discharge is not prohibited.  Use of the MADL is not mandatory.  The implementing regulations allow a business to calculate its own level and provide guidance in order to assist businesses in doing so¹³.  However, conducting such a process can be expensive and time consuming, and the resulting levels may not be defensible in an enforcement action.  OEHHA is not aware of any cost impacts that a representative private person or business would necessarily incur in reasonable compliance with the proposed action.

EFFECT ON SMALL BUSINESSES

OEHHA has determined that the proposed MADL will not impose any mandatory requirements on small business.  Rather, the proposed MADL will provide compliance assistance for small businesses subject to the Act because it will help them determine whether or not an exposure for which they are responsible is subject to the warning requirement or discharge prohibition of the Act. 

CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES

Government Code section 11346(a)(13) requires that OEHHA must determine that no reasonable alternative considered by the OEHHA or that has otherwise been identified and brought to the attention of the OEHHA would be more effective in carrying out the purpose for which the action is proposed, would be as effective and less burdensome to affected private persons than the proposed action, or would be more cost-effective to affected private persons and equally effective in implementing the statutory policy or other provision of law than the proposal described in this Notice. 

AVAILABILITY OF STATEMENT OF REASONS AND TEXT OF PROPOSED REGULATIONS

OEHHA has prepared and has available for public review an Initial Statement of Reasons for the regulation, which contains the text of the regulation and the information upon which the regulation is based.  A copy of the Initial Statement of Reasons, the text of the regulation and documents used by OEHHA to develop the proposed regulation are available upon request from OEHHA at the address, e-mail address and telephone number indicated above.  These documents are also posted on OEHHA’s Web site at www.oehha.ca.gov. 

AVAILABILITY OF CHANGED OR MODIFIED TEXT

The full text of any regulation which is changed or modified from the express terms of this proposed action will be made available at least 15 days prior to the date on which OEHHA adopts the resulting regulation.  Notice of the comment period on changed regulations and the full text will be mailed to individuals who testified or submitted written comments at the public hearing, if held, or whose comments were received by OEHHA during the public comment period, and anyone who requests notification from OEHHA of the availability of such changes.  Copies of the notice and the changed regulation will also be available on the OEHHA Web site at www.oehha.ca.gov.   

FINAL STATEMENT OF REASONS

A copy of the Final Statement of Reasons for this regulatory action may be obtained, when it becomes available, from OEHHA at the address, e-mail address and telephone number indicated above, and on the OEHHA website at www.oehha.ca.gov. 

OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT

Allan Hirsch
Chief Deputy Director

Dated: April 1, 2016

Dated: April 1, 2016

Comment Period

• Comment Period - Maximum Allowable Dose Level for Bisphenol A (Dermal Exposure from Solid Materials)

Chemical Reference

• Bisphenol A (BPA)

Meeting Announcements/Information

• Comment Period - Maximum Allowable Dose Level for Bisphenol A (Dermal Exposure from Solid Materials)

Related Notices

• Notice of Emergency Action to Amend Section 25603.3 Title 27, California Code of Regulations Warnings for Exposures to Bisphenol A From Canned and Bottled Foods and Beverages

  Apr 19, 2016
• Amendment to Section 25805, Maximum Allowable Dose Level - Bisphenol A (Dermal Exposure from Solid Materials)

  Jun 17, 2016

Footnotes and References

¹The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986, codified at Health and Safety Code section 25249.5 et seq., referred to herein as “Proposition 65” or “The Act.”

²All further references are to sections of Title 27, Cal. Code of Regs., unless otherwise indicated.

³Health and Safety Code section 25249.6.

⁴Health and Safety Code section 25249.5.

⁵Health and Safety Code sections 25249.9 and 25249.10

⁶See Sections 25801 to 25805

⁷Transcript of the Meeting of the Proposition 65 Developmental and Reproductive Toxicant Identification Committee, May 7, 2015. 

⁸2015 Hazard Identification Materials for Consideration of the Female Reproductive Toxicity of Bisphenol A

⁹Veiga-Lopez A, Beckett EM, Abi SB, Ye W and Padmanabhan V (2014). Developmental programming: prenatal BPA treatment disrupts timing of LH surge and ovarian follicular wave dynamics in adult sheep. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 279(2): 119-128.

¹⁰See Health and Safety Code section 25249.11(b)

¹¹See Health and Safety Code section 25249.11(b)

¹²See Health and Safety Code section 25249.11(b)

¹³Title 27, Cal. Code of Regs., section 25801 et seq.